Giurisprudenza

  • Dettagli del caso
    • ID nazionale: 72996/2011
    • Stato membro: Italia
    • Nome comune:N/A
    • Tipo di decisione: Altro
    • Data della decisione: 18/01/2012
    • Organo giurisdizionale: Tribunale di Milano, Sez. spec. prop. industr. ed intell.
    • Oggetto:
    • Attore: G. E R. FRATELLI S.P.A.
    • Convenuto: P. DIETETICI ALIMENTARI S.R.L. e H. ITALIA S.P.A.
    • Parole chiave: comparative advertising, false impression, liability, price comparison, price indication
  • Articoli della direttiva
    Misleading and Comparative Advertising Directive, Article 2, (c) Misleading and Comparative Advertising Directive, Article 4
  • Nota introduttiva
    (1) Two goods satisfy the same needs when they belong to the same category but also when they are on the market at equivalent conditions (among which the price condition). If the conditions are different, such difference needs to be underlined in order to avoid the creation of a likelihood of confusion in the mind of the consumers.

    (2) The comparison between two products requires purposes or needs identity as well as the same qualitative and economic level. Serious discrepancies in the economic or qualitative levels may turn uniform products into unalike ones.
  • Fatti
    In November 2011 the defendant started a massive advertising campaign via Internet and press comparing its and the plaintiff's products for infancy and suggesting that the latter were contaminated by a level of toxins much higher than what the law permitted. The plaintiff claimed a serious violation of the provisions regarding comparative advertising and the performance of counterfeiting and unfair competition acts by the defendant.

    With regard to comparative advertising, the plaintiff claimed the unlawfulness of the comparative advertising acts and also requested that the advertising campaign be ceased, which the court of Milan granted.

    The defendant claimed in the hearings that in previous years, the plaintiff put in place advertising strategies in order to 'attack' the defendant, forcing the defendant to create comparative advertising to bring to light the dangerousness in the plaintiff's product.

    The defendant did not violate art. 4 of the Legislative Decree 145/2007, since:

    the plaintiff itself advertised the products in a way to lead the consumers to think that the different products ( for children below 3 years, sold by the defendant and for adults sold by the plaintiff) were in fact similar, thus the difference in the product's classes was not relevant and there was a "putative uniformity" between the products.

    the comparative advertising campaign of the defendant did not mentioned the price because it would have been contrary to the purpose of the campaign
  • Questione giuridica
    (1) Is a "putative uniformity" between products relevant for the assessment of the lawfulness of a comparative advertisement?
    (2) Does the lack of mention of the price have an impact on the lawfulness of the comparative advertising or on the products themselves?
  • Decisione

    (1) there is a " putative uniformity" between products of the defendant and of the plaintiff since both are for children, but the word "for adults" the defendant used in the comparative advertising in respect to the plaintiff's products is misleading according to art. 4, paragraph 1, lit. a) of the Legislative Decree 145/2007, since said word does not refer to all the consumers older than three years old.
    (2) the price needs to be mentioned if it is a necessary element in order to provide the consumer with accurate information, especially in this case in which the difference in prices is considerable.

    Testo integrale: Testo integrale

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  • Risultato
    The Court confirmed the decree issued on 3 December 2011, ordering to the defendant the advertising campaign's restriction of disclosure.