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Public information on insolvencies and insolvency proceedings is an essential element of transparency and legal certainty. In Spain, this is provided by means of the Public Insolvency Register (Registro Público Concursal), which is regulated by Article 198 of the Insolvency Law. This Law was implemented by Royal Decree 892/2013 of 15 November 2013, under which the Public Insolvency Register is managed by the Association of Registrars (Colegio de Registradores), attached to the Ministry of Justice.
The Public Insolvency Register has a threefold purpose:
The Public Insolvency Register is on an internet portal: https://www.publicidadconcursal.es/concursal-web/.
The purpose of the Public Insolvency Register is to group together the relevant information generated in the course of insolvency proceedings, for purposes purely of information and public disclosure.
Access to the Public Insolvency Register is free of charge.
The Public Insolvency Register is structured in four sections within which the entries are ordered by party subject to insolvency proceedings, or debtor, in chronological order:
In searches, the names of the insolvent debtor or the insolvency administrator can be entered: this will find the information available on them in any of the sections.
The 2003 Insolvency Law did not provide for a register to give information on insolvency proceedings in general. The question came under the arrangements for publication laid down at the time in Spanish company law, which were based on the publication of notices in the highest-circulation daily newspapers in the province in question. This increasingly meant that proceedings were brought to a standstill, since the costs of publication had to be borne by the insolvency estate, which was not always able to pay them.
Article 198 of the Insolvency Law did make provision for a public register of cases of culpable insolvency and the appointment or disqualification of insolvency administrators. That register was expanded and given the name ‘Public Insolvency Register’ by Royal Decree‑law 3/2009 of 29 March 2009 on urgent measures in taxation, financial and insolvency matters to address the changing economic situation. Since then, the provision has been amended several times, and there have also been changes affecting other legislation providing for the publication of certain steps through the Register. The current rules implementing Article 198 of the Insolvency Law are set out in Royal Decree 892/2013 of 15 November 2013 on the Public Insolvency Register.
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